American Idiot by Green Day free essay sample

Experiencing childhood in Malaysia isn't really simple. With neighborhood books, grown-ups and the administration attempting to persuade kids how great, how extraordinary, how stunning our nation is the point at which you know else; it never is. You get this feeling of thwarted expectation when individuals are attempting to persuade you how impeccable it is. Be that as it may, it never is great, right? With regards as far as anyone is concerned, not one thing in existence is great. Tuning in to American Idiot by Green Day, I had the option to relate. Particularly since I turned into a young person not long ago. I began to think†¦ in an unexpected way. The collection helped me experience everything. American Idiot finishes the battles and difficulties of a youngster in his late teenagers to his mid twenties (his age wasn’t determined), who considers himself the Jesus of Suburbia (Jesus or JoS for short). The collection begins with the melody, American Idiot. It is fundamentally the Jesus of Suburbia voicing his perspectives on America. We will compose a custom article test on American Idiot by Green Day or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page How it is ‘controlled by the media’ and such. Next comes the tune, Jesus of Suburbia. The melody is part into five sections. Section 1 is a prologue to the Jesus of Suburbia. He portrays himself as the ‘son of wrath and love’ on a ‘steady diet of soft drink and ritalin.’ Section 2, City of the Damned, is a prologue to his home in the rural badlands where the 7-11 is the ‘center of the Earth.’ The verses, â€Å"Lost youngsters with filthy faces today/Noone truly appears to care,† states that everybody in his rural home just consider themselves. I Don’t Care, which is the third piece of the melody, is Jesus voicing his suppositions about the world, thus, â€Å"Everyone’s so brimming with sh**/Born and raised by hypocrites.† The verses, â€Å"I don’t care on the off chance that you don’t,† would him say him is expressing that since no one thinks about him, for what reason would it be advisable for him to think about any other individual? That’s a valid statement and this is one of the verses that I find†¦ relatable. The part is trailed by Dearly Beloved. Beyond a reasonable doubt Beloved is Jesus addressing the general public, advising them to wake up: â€Å"Dearly Beloved, are you listening?† He at that point addresses himself, pondering, â€Å"Are we unhinged or am I disturbed?† and, â€Å"Am I hindered or am I just overjoyed?† Sarcasm is additionally utilized in the melody: â€Å"Oh treatment, would you be able to please top the void?† to cover off his weep for help. Next, is my preferred part and furthermore the last part, Tales From Another Broken Home. â€Å"To live and not to inhale is to kick the bucket in tragedy,† has two implications. It implies that JoS isn't living; he’s simply existing or potentially that living and not breathing, which isn't wanting to take care of our horrible lives (on the off chance that it is), is a joke to our reality. He intends to go to the city and see what’s is there for him. The following tune is Holiday. It shows his energy in the city. He additionally went to a gathering and he was overpowered. Energized. The tune is promptly trailed by Boulevard of Broken Dreams, one of my main tunes. While Holiday is a gathering, Boulevard of Broken Dreams is the headache that follows. He wishes that ‘someone out there will discover him.’ Are We the Waiting is the fifth tune of the collection. I discover this melody generally relatable as I can feel this feeling of thwarted expectation. He is sitting tight for the obscure. He demonstrates his mistake to the city. It wasn’t as he anticipated. This tune is promptly trailed by St. Jimmy. It is a prologue to another character called, St. Jimmy. He is a street pharmacist who JoS meets in the city. Give Me Novacaine is the tune that follows. It is one of my top choices and one of the most relatable. The tune expresses that Jesus needs to be numb, â€Å"Drain the weight from the expanding/This sensation’s overpowering/Give me a long kiss goodnight and everything will be okay/Tell me that I won’t feel a thing/So give me novacaine.† Novacaine is a substance the dental specialist use to numb the gums. The fourth line of the last chorale, â€Å"Tell me Jimmy I won’t feel a thing,† is Jesus giving up to St. Jimmy. St. Jimmy starts to control him. In She’s a Rebel, he meets a young lady called Whatsername. No one realizes her name in this way calling her whatsername, â€Å"She’s the one that they call ole’ whatsername.† He experiences passionate feelings for her, â€Å"And she’s hanging on my heart like a hand grenade.† Yet, oh dear, their relationship is a troublesome one as appeared in Extraordinary Girl. With his chronic drug use and such, it will undoubtedly be. Whatsername is miserable and it is demonstrated that she is a genuine agitator not at all like Jesus. The following melody is Letterbomb, in which whatsername leaves JoS with a letter. She says a final farewell to him through the letter. She was disturbed because of his dependence on medications and he gives no indications of halting. She says, â€Å"You’re not the Jesus of Suburbia,† and uncovers, â€Å"The St. Jimmy is a fabrication of your father’s rage and your mother’s love.† She implied that he wasn’t a similar individual she met and that St. Jimmy is only a sign of his character. Wake Me Up When September Ends is the following melody. It is a tribute to Billie Joe Armstrong’s, the lead vocalist of Green Day, father, who kicked the bucket of disease in September. It is additionally about a grown-up thinking back being a youthful grown-up. In the collection, it shows that a grief stricken Jesus is seeking after more promising times. His dad was presumedly dead as expressed, â€Å"Like my father’s happen/Seven years has gone so fast.† The second last melody, Homecoming is additionally separated into five sections. Section one is the Death of St. Jimmy. It shows that St. Jimmy could no longer connect with JoS. It shows his figurative self destruction. Section 2, East twelfth Street, expresses that Jesus found a work area line of work at a ‘facility on East twelfth Street.’ Jesus however, needs to be free and escape the city. He rather have ‘cigarettes and espresso with the underbelly.’ to some extent 3, Nobody Likes You, he weeps over his outsider state. In Rock ’N Roll Girlfriend, he gets a postcard from his companion, Tunny, who accepted that Jesus is still St. Jimmy. He flaunts his stone ’n move life. The last part, We’re Coming Home Again, is about Jesus returning ‘to the Barrio,’ his home. In the last tune, Whatsername, he recollects the occasions. He says, â€Å"I recollect the face yet I can’t review the name/Now I wonder how whatsername has been.† He thinks about what happened to whatsername. He expresses that she has been in his mind for such a long time. He says the ‘regrets are useless’ and he will never return to the past. â€Å"Forgetting you however not the time,† the last line states. All things considered, it is a stunning collection. It isn't Dookie, it isn't Nimrod, it isn't 39/Smooth, nor is it Insomniac. It isn't totally underground rock either. Be that as it may, it is an incredible collection through and through. It is appraised no.1 best stone and metal collection from the 2000s by Kerrang! magazine. I’ve got the opportunity to concede however, I have composed nothing more that 1000 words in two days. I trust you delighted in understanding this.

Prayer in Islam Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Petition in Islam - Research Paper Example Supplication is that otherworldly correspondence to God or an item that is being loved, it is making a request to God, an object of love or a divine being. Supplication has various implications and practices far and wide where there is the utilization of stances like stooping, strolling and bowing the head which is viewed as a method of demonstrating commitment. In certain spots petition includes requesting absolution, recognition and love and thanks giving. A few religions have a certain or standard method of supplicating, for instance, the Lord’s Prayer which is regularly said by a gathering of admirers. Islam depends on the five columns which are the establishment of the Islamic life. The main column is the I-man or confidence where Muslims have faith in the unity of Allah and that Muhammad is his delivery person. This revelation or Shahada is the accept that serving and obeying Allah is the main reason one has throughout their life and this is ordinarily accomplished through the lessons and practices of Prophet Muhammad. Petition is the second column which includes pronouncing a declaration of confidence. Supplication in Muslim supposedly is significant since it is a method of adoring and setting up a cozy relationship with Allah who is the maker. It is viewed as method of affirmation ones shortcoming and need to request Devine elegance, pardoning, benevolence and plenitude which is accepted to bear some significance with each Muslim. Petition in Islam is alluded to as Salat and is accepted to have been made a compulsory commitment by Allah for each Muslim to tail it according to the Hadith where Prophet Muhammad was solicited, â€Å"which of the activities is best?† ... ayer is additionally accepted to have the option to keep one from all corrupt or wicked deeds and reinforces the relationship and bond between Muslims, that obligation of solidarity and love. Supplication breaks all distinctions that exist among Muslims on the grounds that each individual asks simultaneously, confronting a similar course and this can likewise be seen when all Muslims assemble in Mosques to ask and tune in to lessons. Petition includes certain body development while recounting entries of the Quran and comprises of characterized developments and recitations of sections of the Quran. For the Muslim people group supplications should be possible in wherever that is viewed as perfect; in any case, it is accepted that petitions done from a mosque will bring multiple times more favors. Muslims accept that when one starts a petition meeting, they ought not stop until they are through however there is an exemption, for instance, in a circumstance where a lady sees her kid at s erious risk, she can spare her youngster while recounting the supplication according to the lessons of the Quran [2:239] Under uncommon conditions, one may ask while strolling or in any event, riding. When one is protected, one will celebrate God as He encouraged them what they never knew.  There are a few pre-imperatives to make a supplication substantial which incorporate; the petition time where petitions must be during the particular times. Mosques typically help the assembly note the supplication time through the Adan or call to petition which means; God is the best (x 3) I affirm that there is nobody deserving of love aside from God (x2) I affirm that Prophet Muhammad is the delegate of God (x2) Come for supplication (x2) Come for progress (x2) God is the best (x2) there is nobody deserving of love with the exception of God. Pre-necessities in making a supplication substantial additionally incorporate the cleaning ceremonies or Taharah

Being Rich Essays - Bullying, Emotions, Envy, Narcissism, Wish, Rich

Being Rich Essays - Bullying, Emotions, Envy, Narcissism, Wish, Rich Being Rich A few youngsters fantasy about getting rich though others believe it to be somewhat perilous. Paper: | - In this day and age an ever increasing number of individuals will in general accept that satisfaction can't exist without money related premise. That is the reason, numerous offsprings these days wish to be well off throughout everyday life. Be that as it may, there are a few, who declare that very extravagance represents a genuine danger to its proprietor. By and by, I am slanted to accept that the desire of being rich is not worth the fantasy the rich stick to and cash even can do hopeless damage to people. Initially, most of individuals, being easily off, look down on others believing that the entire world rotates around them. We should consider that riches regularly goes together with loss of constructive individual characteristics and propensity to ravenousness and insensitivity. Also, it would not be right to attest that people being great monetarily secure are all the more frequently subject to be presented to wrongdoing. In view of jealousy, springing from social disparity, numerous individuals are anxious to clear the world from the rich. All things considered, adversaries of this view believe that high fiscal status is one of the most wanted dreams. They believe that rich individuals are furnished with incredible chances. Well off people can bear the cost of any purchasing and significant level of administrations. In spite of this contentions, I expect that extravagances can accomplish more mischief than carry advantages to the proprietor. Having a chance to get anything , a rich comes up short on purposes, goal and sees no reasons to live on. All in all, I am unequivocally persuaded that wealth represents a potential mischief to individuals. They sabotage their profound solidness picking up negative characteristics of character and in the long run ignorant of what to go after .

Ways the Hot New Things Can Affect your Product Strategy - 550 Words

Review of the Article Surprising Ways the Hot New Things Can Affect your Product Strategy (Elie Ofek and Luc Wathieu) (Book Review Sample) Content: ARTICLE REVIEW(Authors name)(Institutional affiliation)The author is providing the information that relates to the increasing central role that technology is playing in the lives of companies. The recent economic events like the great depression made people more cautious in the manner in which they initiate their spending and the influence of global warming on decisions made by consumers in relation to purchases. In this regard, the author is trying to pass the important message that those who use digital products more often focus majorly on the short term goals, want an immediate satisfaction and have no problem discussing business with strangers. Managers fail to respond to the ways in which different research that is being conducted affects the attitudes, behaviors and several aspects of consumers. This is a common case for the upcoming trends that are seen by managers as related to their marketability but not central in its influence. Therefore, the writer is tryi ng to explain that managers ignore innovative trends and strategies that relate to the features of a commodity which are crucial in its purchase and consumption. He or she is trying to explain the emerging and technologically proactive trends that a firm or industry can use to improve its brand presence and market base. The intended primary audience of the author is the managers because managers are the key decision makers in a firm with focus mainly on practical management of a companys marketing options. For the managers to achieve this have to be efficient and to possess excellent analytical and communication skills. Also, any marketing strategy used by a firm has to be approved by the managers after thorough formulation, direction and coordination of activities that are geared towards influencing customers. The marketing message in this article is being sent to these managers because a marketing strategy is applied in an organization after a market research and a marketing strat egy are conducted and developed. These are done by managers besides championing for management of customer relations to the organization. Also, the message is being sent to this audience because in as much as managers can enunciate the major marketing trends, they fail to recognize the manner in which their new trends are affecting consumer behavior. Therefore, the information in this article is meant to integrate the innovative marketing trends and to identify new opportunities for their products and services. This is through a study of consumer purchasing pattern, sales forecasting and estimation of future performance that can ensure the firm remains competitive. The support that the author provides for the intended audience is that they should not ignore the emerging trends because otherwise, it serves as an advantage to the competitors. Infusing and augmenting, combining and transcending and counteracting and reaffirming are some of the evidence that the author provides for the managers. These help in integrating new trends to meet the needs o...

Foreign Finance And Derivatives Markets - 944 Words

Influenced by my, who has invested in the capital market for nearly twenty years, I have targeted investment banking as my preferred career goal. I studied Finance as an exchange student at Imperial College Business School this summer. In International Finance and Derivative Markets classes, I was totally obsessed by the dancing figures and logical charts in the financial world. At the same time, the crash of the Chinese Stock Market provoked controversial discussions in my class amongst students and professors from different countries and with diversified backgrounds, especially when talking about the relationships between financial products (for example, Credit Default Swap) and some well-known financial crises, my classmates came up with a deluge of ideas. This experience further confirmed that I had a deep interest and enthusiasm in finance. I was eager to learn about what happens in the background of these activities, hoping to improve my skill set to provide professional analys is and advice to the general public. Hong Kong is a vibrant city and is rated the third in the Global Financial Centers Index in 2014. The HKU MFIN programme is a well-designed finance programme and the four basic courses of this programme based on CFA curriculum equip students with both quantitative and qualitative skills. One stream of the Master of Finance Programme, Corporate Finance, appeals to me most as it complements my career goal to work as an Investment Banker after graduation. ToShow MoreRelatedA report on the hedging strategy of CITIC Pacific Limited1729 Words   |  7 PagesIntroductionThis report is to check the hedging strategy that was used and lead to the huge loss of CITIC Pacific Limited and point out the importance of managing foreign exchange exposure through select appropriate hedging strategies. 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Psychology Positive And Negative Psychology - 1645 Words

Positive psychology, is a new field of psychology that draw heavily on humanist influences. This area of psychology places its focus on understanding how to enhance our lives by studying what produces our happiness through the use of scientific methods to understand how this affects us leading healthy, happy and successful lives. Through the belief that society would like to lead meaningful and rewarding lives the goal of positive psychology is to, in addition the other fields of psychology, accompany these ideas in order to help individuals and society, as a whole, to achieve satisfactory lives, rather than just treating illness through the use of fighting our weakness by strengthening our positive traits. Martin Seligman, who is considered the â€Å"father† of positive psychology criticizes psychology for being primarily dedicated to addressing mental illness rather than mental wellness (as citied by Held, 2004). 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David and Goliath Analysis free essay sample

In the story David and Goliath there is a great lesson to be learned. The story shows that you should never underestimate your opponent and be prepared for anything. David’s own intellect and knowledge of his own abilities enabled him to become the smaller, but stronger opponent. It all comes down to who is the better leader. David was a young shepherd boy who watched over the sheep while feeding and keeping them safe from the lions and bears. While watching the sheep David would spend many moments speaking to God and playing a harp. David’s brothers were at the battlefield and one day he was â€Å"sent to the battle lines by his father to bring back news of his brothers. † (Fairchild, 2012) David was not afraid to go to the place where the soldiers were fighting because he had the faith of God beside him. â€Å"While there David heard Goliath shouting his daily defiance and he saw the great fear stirred within the men of Israel. We will write a custom essay sample on David and Goliath Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † (Fairchild, 2012) After hearing these threats for the past forty days David speaks to King Saul about fighting Goliath. King Saul carefully considers how faithful David is to God and his strength so he decided to allow David to battle Goliath. Goliath was a fierce nine foot tall soldier whom many were afraid of. â€Å"If Goliath won, the people of Souls land would have to be servants to Philistines. / If Goliath did not win, his people would become servants for King Saul. † (David and Goliath 1 Samual 17, 2012) Due to David’s age Saul feared David could not win. However David proved his strength with the help of God when he killed a lion and bear when they attempted to harm the sheep. David never let his size discourage or prevent him from facing a challenge. By David having belief in his self he becomes the strongest weapon available. After accepting the challenge against Goliath, David gathers a sling-shot and stones while Goliath is in a â€Å"suit of armor, a javelin, a sword and a special servant to carry his shield for him. † (David and Goliath 1 Samual 17, 2012) Now that they are suited for a battle David and Goliath come face to face. Goliath laughs at the size of David while David is confident with God by his side. David then uses his sling-shot to launch a stone at Goliath’s head which knocks him down on his face. The giant fell allowing David to take his sword and behead Goliath with it. David took advantage of Goliaths mistakes. He underestimated David’s ability and failed to move out of the way of the rock. If you are prepared for all obstacles and keep an open mind you are more likely to come out victorious. David’s own intellect and knowledge of his own abilities made Goliath the smaller, but stronger opponent. This story can be related to the difference between WW1 and WW2. During WW1 trench warfare was used. Trench warfare is a ditch dug out of the ground to give troops protection from the enemies. The soldiers used machine guns, mustard and chlorine gases and smokeless gunpowder to ward off the enemy. Machine guns were the main weapons used by soldiers. However â€Å"they needed 4-6 men to man them† (Tasker, 2012) and had to be positioned on a flat surfaces. When the mustard and chlorine gases were released the soldiers had to take great precaution to not breathe it in because the result is immediate death. These trenches also carried many diseases and rats making it a harsh condition for soldiers. By the time of WW2 also known as the â€Å"Cold War† the atomic bomb was invented. The atomic bomb has the ability to take out an entire city. Russia and the U. S. achieve nuclear equality under the doctrine Mutual Assured Destruction, which â€Å"reflects the idea that one’s population could best be protected by leaving it vulnerable so long as the other side faced comparable vulnerabilities. / In short: Whoever shoots first dies second. (Gaddis, 1982) Having this in place prevents the act of the atomic bomb; however the technology is there if needed. The first use of the atomic bomb was after the attack on Pearl Harbor at Hiroshima and Nagasaki. After seeing the destruction of the atomic bomb creates it was then a lesson learned of the damage it can cause as well as ended the war. This would be compared to David and Goliath by having knowledge is the greatest key in winning a battle. Without the technology of the atomic bomb who knows where we would be today. In conclusion when we think about David cutting off Goliath’s head we think its gruesome just as the Japanese thought the atomic bomb was a cruel and unusual form of punishment they were both something that had to be done to protect their people. David uses God as his guidance as we used technology to form atomic bombs. Having these weapons and knowledge makes us the free country we have today. The sacrifices made by many make us the strong country we are today.

Question and Career Aptitude Test free essay sample

Answer each question fully. Complete sentences are not necessary. Lesson 1 (3. 0 points) 1. What is a lifestyle? (0. 5 points) A life style is a way of living that shows the belief and opinions of a person or group 2. What is the process of earning your income sometimes called? (0. 5 points) Earning a living 3. Name at least two industries. (1. 0 points) Primary industries and manufacturing industries 4. What is an internship? (0. points) Temporary job that helps you gain work place skills 5. What is a career aptitude test? (0. 5 points) Is an exam that asks questions about thing you enjoy. Lesson 2 (3. 0 points) 1. What are classifieds? (0. 5 points) Where people can post open positions 2. What is telecommuting? (0. 5 points) is when an employee is allowed to work from a location that isn’t at the companys location 3. What information should a resume provide? (0. 5 points) Your job experiences 4. What is a cover letter? (0. 5 points) A page that is sometimes attached to a resume 5. We will write a custom essay sample on Question and Career Aptitude Test or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Name at least two finance careers. (1. 0 points) accountant risk manager Lesson 3 (3. 0 points) 1. What is pessimism? (0. 5 points) 2. What is conformity? (0. 5 points) 3. What might you consider when you’re studying the dynamics of a group? (0. 5 points) 4. What is active listening? (0. 5 points) 5. What is a stereotype? (0. 5 points) 6. What is professional development? (0. 5 points)

Absorbance - Chemistry Glossary Definition

Absorbance - Chemistry Glossary Definition Absorbance is a measure of the quantity of light absorbed by a sample. It is also known as optical density, extinction, or decadic absorbance. The property is measured using spectroscopy, particularly for quantitative analysis. Typical units of absorbance are called absorbance units, which have the abbreviation AU and are dimensionless. Absorbance is calculated based on either the amount of light reflected or scattered by a sample or by the amount transmitted through a sample. If all light passes through a sample, none was absorbed, so the absorbance would be zero and the transmission would be 100%. On the other hand, if no light passes through a sample, the absorbance is infinite and the percent transmission is zero. The Beer-Lambert law is used to calculate absorbance: A ebc Where A is absorbance (no units, A log10  P0  / P)e  is the molar absorptivity with units of L mol-1  cm-1b  is the path length of the sample, usually the length of a cuvette in centimetersc  is the concentration of a solute in solution, expressed in mol/L Sources IUPAC (1997). Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the Gold Book).Zitzewitz, Paul W. (1999). Glencoe Physics. New York, N.Y.: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill. p. 395. ISBN 0-02-825473-2.

Monetary policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Monetary policy - Essay Example Therefore, to realize economic stability, it is paramount for the economic policies enacted to be in correspondent with the state of the country in terms of resources and economic endowments. Two approaches are used to realize the economic goals of price stability, growth and development, and stability in the exchange rates. These two ways include monetary and fiscal policy mechanisms. While fiscal policy frameworks focus on aspects such as government expenditure, taxation, and subsidies, the monetary policy represents the stipulations enacted to regulate the flow of money in the economy. Besides, the monetary policy mechanisms are used by the financial institutions to regulate an effective interest rate. The main objective of regulating the flow of money in the economy is to stabilize the currency and control inflation within a manageable or planned level. The monetary policy is an effective aspect and framework of the Central Bank of England that impacts on the effective cost of bo rrowing which has a direct effect on the amount of money in circulation and consumer expenditure. The stability of the monetary policy is measured by the stable prices, stable exchange rates (confidence in the currency), and low inflation rate. All the key decisions regarding the monetary policy are made by the Monetary Policy Committee. MPC of the Bank of England The Bank of England, through its Monetary Policy Committee, attempts to regulate and influence the general economic pattern and expenditure by changing its official interest rates. This is because it is important to maintain a steady growth rate between the level of output and money expenditure in the economy so as to eliminate inflation. Through this approach, the MPC therefore desires to control inflation by adjusting interest rates either upward or downward (Cobham, 2003 p. 61). After setting the national renting rate to major financial institutions, these then affect the entire economy from building societies, trading institutions, to consumers. Besides, the interest rates set by the MPC of the Bank of England is reflected in the exchange rates markets and equity stock markets. The Bank of England's Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) charged with the responsibility of determining the interest rates was accorded the power by the Labor Government in 1997. This followed periods of high inflation rates and soaring bench mark of 15% after it was realized that ministerial interest rate control was ineffective in maintaining long-term sustainable economic stability. This was because the economic decision were clouded by political factors. The MPC of the Bank of England is a nine member committee chaired by the Governor of the Bank of England, the Deputy Governors, four appointees by the Chancellor, Chief Economist, and Executive Directors of the Market Operation. Monetary Policy Statistics (2002-2012) Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 CPI 1.3 1.4 1.4 2.0 2.3 2.3 3.6 2.2 3.3 4.5 2. 7 Interests Rates 4.0 3.75 4.75 4.5 5.0 5.5 4.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 From these statistics, it is observed that the MPC of the Bank of England has been very consistent in its policies and interest rates. From 2002 to 2012, the highest inflation rate ever reported in England wass 4.5% in 2011 while the lowest inflation rate in the economy of England is 1.3% recorded in 2002. However, over this eleven year period,

Curriculum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Curriculum - Essay Example He described curriculum in a range of approaches. One of them is linked to syllabus or a body of knowledge to be transmitted to the students. Smith also stressed that curriculum is a set of objectives, where there is a drawn-up plan to apply intended objectives with a measurable outcome. Another alternative definition is that curriculum is a student’s total experience. It comprises teachers’ and students’ communication and relationships between them. Smith also recommends that curriculum is one’s ability to apply theory to practice. Language Arts is one essential subject area that hones communication skills of students. Being knowledgeable in literature, grammar and writing is one important goal for them that will greatly benefit them in their growth and development. This paper will compare 7th Grade Language Arts curriculum guides of three schools in New Jersey, namely the Hillside, Union and Orange Public Schools. The comparison will only be based on the guides acquired from these schools and not from how their curriculums are implemented. Of the three schools, Hillside Public School provided the most comprehensive curriculum guide. Next was the Orange School which also provided a clear outline indicating the goals of the Language Arts program and how its assessment strategies. Union School provided the least comprehensive guide, with just the use of cue words in enumerating its curriculum content and suggested activities. One of the widely adopted curriculum design is the ‘Understanding by Design’ Planning Framework (UbD) by Wiggins, Grant and McTighe (1998). This is also known as the Backward Design Model wherein the teacher starts with the end, the desired results, and then derives the curriculum from the evidence of learning called for by the expectations and the teaching needed to equip students to perform. The UbD involves the following processes: The Hillside School obviously adopted the Understanding by Design

Health Care Project Essay Example for Free

Health Care Project Essay Team B has chosen prescription drugs for our health care reform project and how our current economic status is influenced. We will give ideas and solutions to show how to decrease the drug pricing. Ways that can be implemented toward a solution. Pharmaceutical company’s need to amend their business practices from a high profit, low development model to a moderate profit, moderate to high development model. Structures and regulation that will explain the competition, barriers to entry, and regulations. Taking a look at drug pricing from different perspective, like cost, research, and development, marketing, and the manufacturing of pharmaceutical drugs. The Monopoly of pricing who is involved, and the curves associated with it. Price discrimination how it changes who’s involved and what the criteria are for groups as well as pricing for individuals. How cost of co pays differ from brand names to generic and how the drug formulates come into play. How to make the system work for everyone that will amount to higher than just a 30-day supply, pharmacy assistance programs, local charity programs, and low income opportunities. Better ways to enforce existing legislation, vote in new legislation, and regulate prices across the board. The above affects the insured and non-insured American’s. For most American households, paying for health care to include prescription drugs and medical bills has been one of the hardest financial strains out there. According to a report published by (Consumer Reports, 2012), many have cut back on other household expenses or taken potentially dangerous measures with their health to afford their medications. The most affected population is the working-age Americans who do not have prescription drug insurance coverage. More than half of the people who completed the survey requested by Consumer Reports took one or more prescriptions had to reduce other household expenses or make changes in how the general population manage their finances. These reductions included how much they spend on their groceries, entertainment, activities with the family, and using their credit cards to purchase medications. The problem  was more severe with younger people than elderly people age 65 and older. â€Å"84 percent of them said they had to resort to such measures† (Consumer Reports, 2012) as previously listed. Prescription drugs or better yet the cost of prescription drugs is a discussion in the country of importance. The rise of the cost of prescription drugs is of important to many people in the United States and plays a huge role in the economics of health care. The elevated pricing of prescription drugs has become a focal point of politics and in need of some governance. Even though healthcare and prescription drugs are seen as a private sector issue, the discussion of some socialist measures put into place is a definite need for the economy. Some of those ideas include price-capping expensive drugs and even importing drugs from Canada. Healthcare and prescription drugs have been privatized; however, the government has a huge influence on them both. According to the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services, the government, including state, and federal, has contributed more the 2.7 trillion in 2011. This shows that we have hidden, or more politically correct, blurred the view of a socialist healthcare system. The currently health care system with health care reform has caused confusing for co nsumers. Many people are struggling to pay for the high cost of medication they are on. Some of the patients have to take a different type of medication, which is called alternative medication because their insurance denied paying for it in addition; the process to get approval from insurance takes longer time and more paperwork back and forth from doctors and insurance companies. In reality, health care consumers are the victims, they suffer from their medical illnesses, and they suffer for the high cost of prescription drugs. Health care reform in theory is helping more than forty million people to have health coverage, the demand curve shifts to the right. The important matter at the present time is the supply to cover that many people to have a quality care whereas the economy is gradually recovering. The unemployment rate is not changing much, it is still relatively high. When the prescription drug cost much of our income, seeking for other solution becomes a must do from consumers, they tend to dismiss their prescriptions or buying medication from online market, w hich may cause bad health than curing purpose.

Eulogy for Mother :: Eulogies Eulogy

Eulogy for Mother It is hard for me to believe she’s gone, my primary influence, sustainer, supporter and wisest counselor has left me physically. Mother was such an active participant in this world right to her very last breath. I am so grateful to have been with her on her last day. At his point she was struggling to form words and get them out, but her mind was alert, caring and compassionate. She was still worried about me, a mother to the end. During our conversation I mentioned that when I left her I was going to have dinner with my cousin Alison and friend Keith and she told me, albeit with some degree of difficulty, to VAMOOSE. She wanted me to be off enjoying myself. We had a wonderful visit talked about upcoming events in both our lives. I asked her if she was discouraged and she replied, â€Å"no†, a trooper to the end. I left her feeling optimistic, not aware that I had given her, her last kiss. What an honor! I have never had any trouble singing my mother’s praises. My friends and family know that I always appreciated and admired her. I never hesitated to include her in my activities or gatherings, knowing full well that she would probably be the most interesting person there. A testament to this was the wide variety of age groups and people she had as friends. Very few people knew mum’s age, and this was for a very good reason. She felt if people knew her age they might just write her off, as simply another older lady, those of us who knew her never made that mistake. She was so adamant about keeping her age a secret that she wouldn’t let me throw her an 80th birthday party for that would clearly let the obvious out of the bag. Mum was first and foremost our mother, a job she took very seriously, we were always her primary concern and like most mothers she continued her watch right up to the end. One of her expressions was, â€Å"you didn’t grow up by accident you know!† At first I didn’t know quite what this was supposed to mean†¦ but I came to know that this meant she had devoted her life to our stewardship and she had worked hard to instill her values and qualities. Her most notable qualities were her fierce loyalty to all of her family, her personal poise, elegance, grace, talents and wisdom.

Plato on Justice Essay

Plato’s interpretation of justice as seen in ? The Republic’ is a vastly different one when compared to what we and even the philosophers of his own time are accustomed to. Plato would say justice is the act of carrying out one’s duties as he is fitted with. Moreover, if one’s duties require one to lie or commit something else that is not traditionally viewed along with justice; that too is considered just by Plato’s accounts in ? The Republic. ‘ I believe Plato’s account of justice, and his likely defense against objections are both clear and logical, thus I will endeavor to argue his views as best as I can. Plato’s view of justice ties in with his view of a perfect world. In Plato’s ideal world, the society would be a wise one, wise in understanding that their own position in society is just. This society in turn, must carry out their duties fitted to them by their position. Unfortunately the real world does not function in that manner, Plato understanding that ? fault’ with society tells us that if the society is lacking wisdom, the most wise ones would be philosophers, (473d) and society should consider them to be the authority. Plato believes that being just is so innately important that everyone is better off being just than unjust, no matter the situation. Plato in 360e-362d uses Glaucon to make this point, Glaucon asks who is better off? The just or the unjust, given the premises that the unjust man is rich, famous, respected, and powerful and that the just man is poor, defamed, and lives a life of suffering. Plato’s only real way to answer this is to prove that justice is innately good and that injustice is innately evil; simply prove the poor, defamed man happy and the rich, respected unjust man unhappy. Plato goes about this by explaining what justice is; justice has to do with doing what is right, and there exists some specific virtue in everything, which enables it to work well. If it is deprived of that nature, in contrast it would suffer. It is much the same with the soul, the soul must also perform its specific virtue. The more virtuous, or ? just’ a soul is, the happier the soul is. The happier the soul is, the happier the person is. Therefore a just man lives happily and well, whereas an unjust man would not. This argument follows the a=b b=c therefore a=c argument form. Another objection, brought about by a radical and different theory of Justice is brought up by Plato in a conversation between Socrates and Thrasymachus. In this argument Thrasymachus defines justice as in the interest of the stronger. This basically means that justice belongs in the hands of the rulers, and that the rulers are whoever is stronger, therefore getting to a ruling position. Laws are then made, based on the ruling party’s interest, and only theirs. Those who violate such created laws, will get punished for breaking the law and so on and so forth. Socrates completely disagrees with this theory of justice and gives the analogy of a physician who is studying and exercising his power is in fact doing so in the interest of his patients, not himself. In the same manner, the government will do what is in the interest of the people, and not of itself. Some unanswered objections that may come up against Plato’s idea of justice may target the part where he believes that philosophers are the only qualified individuals to run his ideal society. Plato believes that philosophers have knowledge, I pose a scenario where there are no more philosophers, perhaps because of a philosopher massacre, or one where there is simply nobody wise enough. One can easily make the argument that since philosophy is dealing with the same questions for the past 2500 years, that we are actually not wise, and in fact quite the opposite. I believe that for the most part, Plato has a successful account of justice. Plato’s criticism of then present theories of justice and his defense against the xxxxxx theories make sense logically. Furthermore, Plato was ages ahead of his time by arguing for equal rights among men and woman when concerning the guardians, unlike Aristotle who got almost everything wrong and most likely set philosophy and other sciences back centuries, I believe Plato was ages ahead of his time in understand that men and women are equal in at least the ? capacity to understand reality and make reasonable judgments about it. ‘ (454d) However; just that fact does not lead to a proper defense against arguments. One thing a reader may have a problem is that Plato seems to be showing a little Heidegger by alluding to a dictatorship which are ruled by the wise, namely, philosophers. Even if such a Nazi and Communist-esque dictatorship were to be implemented, I fear it would hit the same brick wall that other dictatorships face, the people will not sit idly by while they are told what to do. I believe that leads to a larger problem. Plato seemingly wants to hint more and more at an innate knowledge which includes justice, or if the person does not have this innate knowledge he can be taught in society: knowledge and the just thing to do. I believe this poses a problem for Plato, if society innately knows the correct thing to do, but does not do it, then this is contradictory with the definition of justice Plato wants for us. And if there is one thing philosophers have insisted upon over time is that there are no contradictions. In its defense; I do not know of any philosophical questions that have a complete answer, otherwise there would be no more philosophy. Even with the possible shortcomings, Plato argues his justice logically, and uses Glaucon and Adeimentus well, to show the strengths of his arguments.

The Gilded Age - 1542 Words

The Gilded Age was a time of reconstruction and change for most white Americans, but as for African Americans, the Gilded Age was full of inequality and discrimination. Many groups and individuals attempted to make changes for black Americans but few were successful. Though it was not until the Progressive Era that racial segregation started gaining attention and African Americans, as well as those who wanted them to be treated equally, began making changes and their fight against racial segregation began to improve. The Niagara movement was a black civil rights organization founded in 1905 made up of the intellectual elite of the African American community, founded by W.E.B. DuBois and William Monroe Trotter. It was called the Niagara†¦show more content†¦The Supreme Court avoided the discussion of the 14th amendment because it banned states from making laws that deny citizens of their rights. The Supreme Court argued that the 14th amendment was to enforce equality of the two races before the law therefore laws requiring their separation did not suggest another race was inferior to the other. The Plessy vs. Ferguson case proves that racial segregation was very real and all attempts at changing this long-standing tradition were unsuccessful. Racial segregation although seemed to be a point of the past stood strong when civil rights laws were attempting to be passed after the Civil War, especially when Buffalo soldiers served in the army during the Spanish American War, and ideals clashed when Booker T Washington and W.E.B. DuBois disagreed and disputed about the black community. After the American Civil War, many laws went into place to ensure the citizenship of our brothers and sisters. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was a proceeding of the 15th Amendment that was passed on February 3, 1870. The Civil Rights Act granted citizenship to all males in the United States of America and did not discriminate against â€Å"race or color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude†, rather than giving voting rights to citizens. Another Act that was passed was the 1875 Civil Rights

nancys coffee case study - 6291 Words

127-C04-A-U Arthur M. Blank Center for Entrepreneurship Babson Park, MA Phone: 781-239-4420 02457-0310 Fax: 781-239-4178 URL: http://www.babson.edu/eship REV 3/21/06 Nancy’s Coffee As the busy president of the $7 million Nancy‟s Coffee Cafà © chain, Beth WoodLeidt wasn‟t able to visit each of their thirty suburban coffee shops as much as she would have liked. Whenever she did journey out like she was doing today, it was with a passion for building brand and enhancing profitability. Beth approached one of her more challenging locations—in a mall in central New York— and surveyed the space with a practiced eye. †¦that front table needs a wipe†¦ the display shelves are dusty†¦the OneCard holder is hidden behind the tip jar†¦isn’t it too early in†¦show more content†¦I had a good salary, a 401K, stock options, bonus check, company car, great suits; I am loving life. Then suddenly, everything changed! Into the Family Business In 1993, Beth took a leave of absence from JJ to return home and help sort through the heartache and turmoil that followed her mother‟s death from cancer at the age of 56. Sandy Wood had inherited his wife‟s business, but made it clear that if his kids 2 were not interested in keeping the small chain going, then he would either try to sell the sites or liquidate the assets. Operating on the assumption that she would be returning to her corporate job once they had closed the doors on her mother‟s enterprise, Beth carefully examined the financials and visited each of the seven locations to estimate what they might be worth. In the course of that investigation, Beth realized that her mother had developed a solid business model within a largely untapped niche—suburban shopping malls—and she was drawn to the possibilities. Her husband Bill recalled that when Beth asked him to join her in the venture, it didn‟t take much convincing: I was running a division of Bell Atlantic in Pennsylvania at the time. Beth and I had worked together much earlier in our lives; I had really enjoyed that. I have always figured that if two married people were meant to work together, it was Beth and I. We get along very well, and we both know our own place in the sandbox. One of the issuesShow MoreRelated Do People Have the Right to Die? Essay2473 Words   |  10 PagesLiving life at age twenty-eight is an amazing adventure. People are at their prime – being active and living life to the fullest. However, for Nancy Cruzan, a terrible car accident took that all away. One night, driving on a quiet road in Missouri, Nancy’s car rolled off the road and into a ditch. For twenty minutes she lay there alone and lifeless. Then, a paramedic car drove by and saw the car in distress. They pulled Nancy out, and miraculously revived her back to life. However, she had damagedRead MoreManagement and Teaching Note19520 Words   |  79 Pagesecch the case for learning case collections update 2007 Quarter 4 Visit the case search section of the ecch website at www.ecch.com to identify relevant cases from the ecch collection and view over 31,000 full text inspection copies. ecch provides a free monthly e-mail update service giving details of new cases from all sources. Visit www.ecch.com to subscribe. Economics, Politics and Business Environment 9-407-049 ALLIANZ AG: BECOMING A EUROPEAN COMPANY Lorsch, JW; Chernak, A HarvardRead MoreVarian Solution153645 Words   |  615 Pagesconsumer i will be indiï ¬â‚¬erent between having or not having an apartment.) 2 THE MARKET (Ch. 1) Price 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Apartments (b) Suppose the supply of apartments is ï ¬ xed at 5 units. In this case there is a whole range of prices that will be equilibrium prices. What is the highest price that would make the demand for apartments equal to 5 units? $18. $15. A, B, C, D. $10 to $15. (c) What is the lowest price that would make the market

Potassium Sulfate And Sodium Chloride Essay - 912 Words

Introduction A solution is a uniform mixture of two or more components. The components can be identified as solutes or a solvent. The solutes are the minor components of the solution, and they are what get dissolved. The solvent is the major component of the solution, and it does the dissolving. Solutions are measured in terms of solubility. Solubility refers to the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in the solvent. When the maximum amount of solute has dissolved, the solution becomes saturated. In solving the solubility, two things must be known: the mass of the solute and the mass of the solution. Different techniques can be used to determine the solubility of a solution, such as filtration through paper cloth or evaporation by heat. In this experiment, the solubility was obtained through evaporation of the solvent by heat. Potassium sulfate and sodium chloride will used in solutions to test the solubilities at room temperature and approximately 40â„Æ'. Potassium sulfate will also be used in a solution to test the uncertainty of the experiment. Procedure K2SO4: Approximately 3.00 grams of K2SO4 and 50 milliliters of water were added to a 50 milliliter beaker and stirred until they were completely dissolved. Then an empty petri dish was weighed on an analytical balance and the exact mass was recorded. 20 milliliters of saturated K2SO4 solution were added to the petri dish and weighed on the analytical balance. 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Financial and Management Accounting Free Essays

Fall 2012 Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1 MB0041 – Financial And Management Accounting – 4 Credits (Book ID: B1624) Assignment Set – 1 (60 Marks) Note: Each question carries 10 Marks. Answer all the questions. 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Financial and Management Accounting or any similar topic only for you Order Now Explain the process involved in accounting. 2. The salaries paid in 2004 is Rs. 5,00,000; Salaries outstanding is Rs. 20,000; Salaries paid in advance for 2004 is Rs. 30,000. What is the actual salary expenditure for 2004? Which accounting principle is involved in this and explain that principle. 3. Find the value of the following: a. If the total assets are Rs. 87,000 and the liabilities are Rs. 47,000, find out the amount of capital. b. If the capital of proprietor is Rs. 4,00,000 and the total assets are Rs. 6,00,000, what is the amount of liabilities to outsiders? c. If creditors are Rs. 56,000, bank overdraft is Rs. 1,00,000, and outstanding expenses are Rs. 8,000, what is the total amount of assets? d. Fixed assets are Rs. 70,000 and current assets are Rs. 1,00,000 and the creditors are Rs. 30,000. What is capital? 4. Enter the following transactions in the single column cash book of Gopichand. March, 2003 1st. Commenced business with cash 20000 2nd. Bought goods for cash 5000 3rd. Sold goods for cash 4000 4th. Goods purchased from Ravi Kumar 10000 10th. Paid to Ravi Kumar 7000 14th. Cash sales 8000 18th. Purchased furniture for office 4000 22nd. Paid wages 500 Fall 2012 25th. Paid rent 600 30th. Received commission 4000 30th. Withdrew for personal purpose 1000 Cash balance 170000 Hint: Goods Purchased from Ravi Kumar is a credit purchase. 5. Find out the missing figures. Office stationery 5000 Purchased during the year Closing stock 8000 25000 ? 3000 Opening stock Consumables 6000 ? 24000 Consumed for the year ? Hint : Office stationery consumed for the year =27000 Consumables purchased during the year = 22000 6. Explain the tools of management accounting. Master of Business Administration- MBA Semester 1 Fall 2012 MB0041 – Financial and Management Accounting- 4 Credits (Book ID: B1624) Assignment Set – 2 (60 Marks) Note: Each question carries 10 Marks. Answer all the questions. 1. Compute trend ratios and comment on the financial performance of Infosys Technologies Ltd. from the following extract of its income statements of five years. in Rs. Crore) Particulars 2010-11 2009-10 2008-09 2007-08 2006-07 27,501 22,742 21,693 16,692 13,893 Operating Profit (PBIDT) 8,968 7,861 7,195 5,238 4,391 PAT from ordinary activities 6,835 6,218 5,988 4,659 3,856 Revenue (Source: Infosys Technologies Ltd. – Annual Report) Hint: The Revenue and Operating Profit (PBIDT) have almost doubled in four years. The PAT from ordinary activities has increased by 77. 26% in the same period. 2. What is fund flow analysis? What are the objectives of analysing flow of fund? From the following balance sheets of Joy Ltd. prepare a cash flow statement under indirect method. Liabilities 2005 2006 Equity share capital 3,00,000 4,00,000 8% redeemable pref. share capital 1,50,000 1,00,000 General reserve 40,000 70,000 Profit and loss 30,000 48,000 Proposed dividend 42,000 50,000 Sundry creditors 55,000 83,000 Bills payable 20,000 16,000 Provision for taxation 40,000 50,000 6,77,000 8,17,000 Goodwill 1,15,000 90,000 Land and building 2,00,000 1,70,000 80,000 2,00,000 1,60,000 2,00,000 Stock 77,000 1,09,000 Bills receivable 20,000 30,000 Total Assets Plant Sundry debtors Fall 2012 Cash 15,000 10,000 Bank 10,000 8,000 Total 6,77,000 8,17,000 Additional Information a) Depreciation of Rs. 10,000 and Rs. 20,000 has been changed on plant and building during the current year. b) An interim dividend of Rs. 20,000 has been paid during the current year. c) Rs. 35,000 was paid during the current year for income tax. Hint: Cash flow from operating activities Rs. 1,25,000; Cash flow from investing activities (Rs. 1,20,000); Cash flow from financing activities (Rs. 12,000). 3. Calculate the cost of raw materials purchased from the following data: Opening stock of raw materials Rs. 10,000 Closing stock of raw materials Rs. 15,000 Expenses on purchases Rs. 5,000 Direct wages Rs. 50, 000 Prime costs Rs. 1, 00,000 Hint: Cost of Raw Materials purchased is Rs. 50,000 4. Distinguish between absorption costing and marginal costing 5. The Anchor Company Ltd. produces most of its electrical parts in its own plant. The company is at present considering the feasibility of buying a part from an outside supplier for Rs. 4. 50 per part. If this is done, monthly costs would increase by Rs. 1,000. The part under consideration is manufactured in department 1 along with numerous other parts. On account of discontinuing the production of this part, department 1 would have somewhat reduced operations. The average monthly usage production of this part is 20,000 units. The costs of producing this part on per unit basis are as follows. Material Rs. 1. 80 Labour (half-hour) 2. 40 Fixed overheads 0. 80 Total costs 5. 00 Should the company produce this part or should it buy from an outside supplier? Fall 2012 Hint: Differential costs 7,000 per month Favouring making of the parts 6. Explain the essential features of budgetary control. 0. 35 er unit How to cite Financial and Management Accounting, Essay examples

Delinquency In Adolescent And Recommendations †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Delinquency In Adolescent And Recommendations. Answer: Criminology research proposal The purpose of this research proposal is to establish factors that contribute to the onset of delinquency in adolescent. In that connection, the proposal aims at the criminal justice system who main purpose is to help in the process of intervention of young offenders before they move into the criminal justice system (Siegel, 2014). Thesis statement in this proposal will be factors contributing to the onset of delinquency in adolescent and recommendations on how to prevent it. The key areas to be covered include: Introduction and research question: this will discuss Juvenile delinquency and needs to prevent it since young offenders do not cope well with criminal justice system. Literature review: this section will provide information on how childhood maltreatment is linked to development of delinquencies. Research questions and hypothesis (Alan, 2004): this will cover three main areas. That is, contributing factors to the onset of delinquency in adolescent, lack of monitoring in adolescent and childhood maltreatment. Hypothesis should also be formulated from these areas. Research site and research subject: this should review reports on juvenile delinquency. Research design and sample: the sample should be taken to the most appropriate where criminal justice system find fit for the research. There are three major issues to be considered that form part of criminological perspective. They include lack of monitoring during adolescent period, neighborhood disadvantage and childhood maltreatment. These issues expose young people to commit criminal activities. Therefore, in order to understand and prevent the onset of delinquency in adolescent, it is very crucial to have a better understanding on what causes juvenile delinquency. Therefore, through this research, the concept of criminology will be applied so as to determine what causes delinquency, what and how this criminal aspect can be prevented (Bohm, 2013). In that case, the main objective of the research involve removal of those causes so as to bring up a better community full of community awareness and services. The most appropriate timeframe for research analysis would be 12 months. References Alan, B. (2004). Social Research Methods, 2nd edn. New Yolk: Oxford University Press. Bohm, R.M. (2013). Introduction to Criminal Justice, 8th edn. McGraw-Hill Education. Siegel, L.J. (2014). Criminology: The Core, 5th edn. Wadsworth Publishing.

To The Lighthouse By Virginia Woolf Transcending Death Essays

To The Lighthouse By Virginia Woolf : Transcending Death Transcending Death in To the Lighthouse The greatest obstacle to identifying a purpose for human life is the inevitability of death. Why should a human being strive for any goal when death will always be the final result of his striving, and after death he will be oblivious to any positive or negative effects of his lifetime actions? Virginia Woolf tackles this dilemma in her novel To the Lighthouse by presenting characters who attempt to transcend death either through accomplishments in art and science, or by nurturing other human beings. Mr. Ramsay and Charles Tansley take the path of intellectual accomplishment; Mrs. Ramsay represents the path of human nurturing. Although the characters derive some comfort from their efforts to transcend death, they are also tormented by the fear that they will not succeed in their strivings, and come to doubt that successful transcendence is even possible. Woolf never resolves this conflict in the novel. Instead, she maintains an ambivalence, illustrating both the benefits and the pitfalls of the two transcendence strategies. The dilemma of transcending death has traditionally been answered through belief in a God who can grant salvation. Christianity promises its believers that if they strive for salvation, they can avoid death and enjoy eternal life. To the Lighthouse is distinctly modern in that God is rejected outright: How could any Lord have made this world? Mrs. Ramsay asks herself, concluding that the world is too full of suffering to have been created by a divine savior (64). None of the other characters base their hopes for transcending death on divine salvation either; they consistently strive for results in this world. To the Lighthouse includes two characters who attempt to transcend death through intellectual accomplishments: Mr. Ramsay and Charles Tansley, both of whom are philosophers. The predominance of intellectuals in Virginia Woolf's novel could be explained by her own life in the British intelligentsia. However, intellectual endeavors are essentially the same as other human endeavors in their risks and rewards. It may be that Woolf was simply writing about those endeavors which she knew best, but intended her points to be much more widely applicable. Woolf makes explicit comparisons to more traditionally heroic kinds of accomplishment in describing Mr. Ramsay's struggle to analyze his degree of intellectual success: Qualities that would have saved a ship's company exposed on a broiling sea with six biscuits and a flask of water--endurance and justice, foresight, devotion, skill, came to his help...Qualities that in a desolate expedition across the icy solitudes of the Polar region would have made him the leader, the guide, the counsellor, whose temper, neither sanguine nor despondent, surveys with equanimity what is to be and faces it, came to his help again...Feelings that would not have disgraced a leader who, now that the snow has begun to fall and the mountain top is covered in mist, knows that he must lay himself down and die before morning comes, stole upon him... (34-35) The hope of transcendence for people who endeavor in any field, whether it is art, science, politics, business, war or exploration, lies in achieving recognition for their accomplishments. If they do great work, they tell themselves, they will be remembered by future generations and thus achieve a measure of immortality. But all endeavors are inherently risky; one can never be sure how well one will succeed, or how much one's peers and posterity will notice. Mr. Ramsay expresses his desire to transcend death through intellectual accomplishment most clearly in his lengthy mental soliloquy on levels of achievement. He uses the analogy of an alphabet, in which people advance from A toward Z as they achieve greater intellectual feats. He reached Q. Very few people in the whole of England ever reach Q, thinks Mr. Ramsay, proud of his current achievements but acutely aware of how far he still has to go (33). His next thought is full of doubt about his ability to succeed: A shutter, like the leathern eyelid of a lizard, flickered over the intensity of his gaze and obscured the letter R. In that flash of darkness he heard people saying--he was a failure--that R was beyond him. He would never reach R. On to R, once more. R-- (34) The flash of darkness initiated by the closing of the lizard's eye is a symbol of death, reinforced by the ancient association between reptiles and denial of salvation. It is also significant that Mr. Ramsay